Rat Bait and Pets: What Perth Pet Owners Need to Know

Rat bait might be effective for rodent control, but it poses a very real and potentially deadly threat to our pets. At Perth Vet Emergency, we see far too many cases of accidental poisoning—often involving dogs or cats who were simply following their nose.

Even a small amount of rat bait can cause life-threatening illness. That’s why it’s so important to understand how these poisons work, what signs to look for, and what to do if you suspect exposure.

What Is Rat Bait (Rodenticide)?

Rodenticides are designed to kill rodents—but they’re just as toxic to pets. They’re often scented or flavoured to attract animals, which unfortunately makes them appealing to dogs in particular.
There are several types of rodenticide used in WA, each with different effects:

1. Anticoagulant Rodenticides

These are the most commonly used and work by interfering with the blood’s ability to clot. Internal bleeding can begin within a few days—often before any symptoms are obvious.

Common active ingredients: Warfarin, brodifacoum, bromadiolone.

Signs to watch for:

• Lethargy or weakness
• Pale gums
• Bleeding from the nose, gums, or in urine/faeces
• Bruising
• Laboured breathing or coughing (from chest bleeding)
• Collapse in advanced cases

2. Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) Baits

An increasingly common alternative to anticoagulants, this type causes a dangerous rise in calcium levels—leading to kidney damage or failure.

Signs to watch for:

• Vomiting
• Increased thirst and urination
• Loss of appetite
• Weakness or lethargy
• Signs of kidney failure in later stages

3. Neurotoxic Rodenticides (e.g. Bromethalin)

Not commonly used in Australia but extremely potent. These act on the central nervous system, causing brain swelling and rapid onset of symptoms.

Signs to watch for:

• Muscle tremors
• Seizures or twitching
• Loss of coordination
• Hypersensitivity to touch or sound
• Paralysis

How Do Pets Get Exposed?

• Direct ingestion of bait (often in garages, sheds, gardens, or bait stations)
• Secondary poisoning from eating a poisoned rodent (especially in cats or hunting dogs)
• Scavenging or investigating bait crumbs left behind after pest control

What To Do If You Suspect Poisoning

If you think your pet may have come into contact with rat bait, act quickly. Don’t wait for symptoms—some poisons take time to show, but the damage starts immediately.

DO:

1. Call your nearest Perth Vet Emergency hospital immediately.

2. Bring the bait packaging or product label if possible. Knowing the active ingredient helps guide treatment.

3. Keep your pet calm and still. Limit movement to reduce the risk of internal bleeding.

4. Safely remove any remaining bait from your pet’s reach—use gloves if needed.

Pet owners can also call the Animal Poisons Helpline on 1300 869 738 (costs apply for after hours consultations).

DO NOT:

• Don’t wait to see if symptoms develop

• Don’t attempt to induce vomiting at home—this can be dangerous

• Don’t give food, milk, or home remedies—they won’t neutralise the poison

• Don’t assume your pet is okay just because they “seem fine”

Prompt, professional treatment significantly improves outcomes—and in some cases, may be life-saving.

Prevention Tips for WA Pet Owners

• Avoid using rat bait at home, especially in pet-accessible areas

• Choose pet-safe alternatives, like snap traps in sealed boxes or electronic deterrents

• Inform pest control providers that you have pets

• Store any bait securely—not in sheds, garages, or open containers

• Supervise pets outdoors, especially in parks, around farms, or near unfamiliar properties

Final Thoughts

Rodent control doesn’t have to come at the cost of pet safety. By understanding the risks and acting fast in an emergency, you can help protect your pet from the serious consequences of rat bait poisoning.
If you suspect your pet has ingested any form of rodenticide—don’t wait. Call Perth Vet Emergency right away. We’re here to support you with rapid diagnosis, expert care, and peace of mind.